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Warith Deen Mohammed
Warith Deen Mohammed (born Wallace D. Muhammad; October 30, 1933 – September 9, 2008), also known as "W. Deen Mohammed" or "Imam W. Deen Muhammad", was a progressive African American Muslim leader, theologian, philosopher, Muslim revivalist and Islamic thinker (1975–2008) who disbanded the original Nation of Islam in 1976 and transformed it into an orthodox mainstream Islamic movement, the World Community of Al-Islam in the West which later became the American Society of Muslims.〔In 1989, Mohammed changed the spelling of his surname Muhammad to Mohammed to reflect the spelling on his birth certificate. ''Muslim Journal'', Vol. 15, No. 19, December 22, 1989〕〔Wall Street Journal, Vol. CIV, NO. 6, Friday, July 9, 1999〕 He was a son of Elijah Muhammad, the leader of the Nation of Islam from 1933 to 1975.〔("The Emergence of Islam in the African-American Community" ) 〕〔("Warith Deen Mohammed" ), ''This Far By Faith'', Public Broadcasting Service.〕
He became the national leader (''Supreme Minister'') of the Nation of Islam in 1975 after his father's death.〔Lincoln, C. Eric. (1994)''The Black Muslims in America'', Third Edition, William B. (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans Publishing Company) page 263〕 As a result of his personal studies and thinking, he had led the vast majority of the members of the original NOI to mainstream, traditional Sunni Islam by 1978.〔("W. DEEN MOHAMMED: A leap of faith" ), page 1, ''Chicago Tribune''〕 With this merger, he oversaw the largest mass conversion to Islam in the history of the United States.〔("Farewell America's Imam" ), Cable News Network〕 He rejected the previous deification of Wallace Fard Muhammad, accepted whites as fellow-worshippers, forged closer ties with mainstream Muslim communities, and introduced the Five Pillars of Islam into his group's theology.〔〔("Conversion of the Muslims" ), ''TIME'', 14 Mar 1977〕
Splinter groups resisting these changes formed after Elijah Muhammad's death, particularly under Louis Farrakhan, who revived the name Nation of Islam for his organization.〔〔Lincoln, C. Eric. (1994)The Black Muslims in America, Third Edition, William B. (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans Publishing Company) page 274〕
==Biography==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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